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 <title>Computer Science - MathLAN</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92/0</link>
 <description></description>
 <language>en</language>
<item>
 <title>Thursday Extra: &quot;The Future of MathLAN&quot;</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/910</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
  On Thursday, February 23,
  John Stone, Manager of the Mathematics Local-Area Network,
  will present a concise account of the history, present status,
  and possible future directions for MathLAN.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  At 4:00&amp;nbsp;p.m.,
  refreshments will be served
  in the Computer Science Commons, Noyce 3817.
  The talk, &amp;ldquo;The Future of MathLAN,&amp;rdquo;
  will begin at 4:15&amp;nbsp;p.m. in Noyce&amp;nbsp;3821.
  Everyone is welcome to attend!
&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/910#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/42">Thursday Extras</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2017 15:28:38 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">910 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>Thursday Extra: &quot;Sudo Open Sesame&quot;</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/743</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
On Thursday, September 11, Ajuna Kyaruzi 2017 will describe her experiences as an assistant system administrator for MathLAN last summer.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Refreshments will be served at 4:15&amp;nbsp;p.m. in the Computer Science Commons (Noyce&amp;nbsp;3817).  The talk, &amp;ldquo;Sudo Open Sesame: My Summer as an Assistant GNU/Linux System Administrator,&amp;rdquo; will follow at 4:30&amp;nbsp;p.m. in Noyce&amp;nbsp;3821.  Everyone is welcome to attend!
&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/743#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/36">summer</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/255">system administration</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/42">Thursday Extras</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 09 Sep 2014 23:45:58 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">743 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>Thursday Extra: &quot;MathLAN system administration&quot;</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/653</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
On Thursday, October 3, Adam Arsenault 2016, Jordan Yuan 2015, and Shaun Mataire 2016 will describe their summer work in MathLAN system administration:
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
Over the summer, we pursued a series of projects relevant to the general
maintenance of a GNU/Linux network:
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;configuring Puppet, an open source configuration management tool, which provided a way of centralizing package management and system configuration on all the machines in the network;
&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;creating and maintaining a way of installing Debian over the network to the machines in MathLAN, which dramatically sped up installation times; and
&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;researching new programs which would be beneficial to our end users, both the novices and the power users, and refreshing the list of system applications.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Refreshments will be served at 4:15 p.m. in the Computer Science Commons (Noyce 3817).  The talk, &amp;ldquo;MathLAN system administration,&amp;rdquo; will follow at 4:30 p.m. in Noyce 3821.  Everyone is welcome to attend!
&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/653#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/256">GNU/Linux</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/36">summer</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/255">system administration</category>
 <pubDate>Tue, 01 Oct 2013 18:37:40 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">653 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>VNC</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/vnc</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
At times, you will want to access MathLAN programs from your own computer.  For example, students in CSC 151 might want to use GIMP and DrRacket and students in CSC 207 might want to use the MathLAN version of Eclipse.  One way to access the MathLAN is to use VNC, or Virtual Network Computing.  Unfortunately, VNC isn&#039;t quite as straightforward as we&#039;d hope, but with some practice, you can get it working.  To use VNC, you need to set up a server on a MathLAN machine and a client on your own machine.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;These are very rough instructions for using VNC.  Expect to see updates as time progresses.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Warning!  If you&#039;re not careful with VNC, you&#039;ll leave things running on various MathLAN machines and make life more difficult for everyone, including yourself.  Make sure to clean up after yourself.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;VNC Clients&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
In order to use VNC you&#039;ll need a VNC client program. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
There are a variety of free VNC clients for the Mac.  Sam Rebelsky uses &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/&quot;&gt;VNC Viewer from RealVNC&lt;/a&gt;.  Jerod Weinman uses &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/cotvnc/&quot;&gt;Chicken of the VNC&lt;/a&gt; (he hasn&#039;t tried its successor, &lt;a href=&quot;http://sourceforge.net/projects/chicken/&quot;&gt;Chicken&lt;/a&gt;).  There&#039;s even a built-in one on the Mac, but none of us have used it much.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The members of the department don&#039;t tend to use Microsoft Windows.
&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.realvnc.com/download/viewer/&quot;&gt;VNC Viewer from RealVNC&lt;/a&gt;, which Sam Rebelsky uses on the Mac, is also available on Windows.  Some students have reported success in using it.  
&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;h3&gt;Preparatory Work&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
To start and stop the VNC server, you&#039;ll need a way to connect to the MathLAN.  Ssh, the secure shell, is the recommended program.  If you have a Mac or Linux workstation, ssh is installed by default.  If you use Windows, you will probably need to obtain puTTY or some equivalent.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;Setting up a VNC Server on MathLAN&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Pick an unused machine in the MathLAN.  Open a terminal window and connect with &lt;code&gt;ssh&lt;/code&gt;.  For example, on both Mac and Linux, you would type the following.  (We don&#039;t use Microsoft Windows very frequently, so we&#039;re not sure what you&#039;d do.  The last time one of us tried, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/&quot;&gt;puTTY&lt;/a&gt; worked pretty well.)
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;  ssh &lt;i&gt;username&lt;/i&gt;@&lt;i&gt;machine&lt;/i&gt;.cs.grinnell.edu&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
We&#039;d prefer that students use &lt;code&gt;ssh.cs.grinnell.edu&lt;/code&gt; for their work.  But that may not work perfectly in all cases, so you can also try a machine in one of the classrooms. Make sure the machine is unused.  You can type &lt;code&gt;w&lt;/code&gt; once you are logged in to make sure that the machine is unused.  Eventually, the department hopes to have a script or Web page that lets you check which machines are free.  For now, keep trying different machines until you find an unused one.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Once you&#039;ve logged in to the MathLAN, type the following instruction to set your password for VNC connections. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;  vncpasswd&lt;/pre&gt; 

&lt;P&gt;
 Choose something that will be hard for others to guess.  Then type the following comment&lt;code&gt;vncserver -geometry WIDTHxHEIGHT&lt;/code&gt; to start the server, for example 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;  vncserver -geometry 1200x900&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
When the server starts, you should get a short report, something like
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
  New &#039;&lt;i&gt;machine&lt;/i&gt;:2 (&lt;i&gt;username&lt;/i&gt;)&#039; desktop is &lt;i&gt;machine&lt;/i&gt;:2

  Starting applications specified in /home/&lt;i&gt;username&lt;/i&gt;/.vnc/xstartup
  Log file is /home/&lt;i&gt;username&lt;/i&gt;/.vnc/&lt;i&gt;machine&lt;/i&gt;:2.log
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
That number after every colon is your desktop number.  You&#039;ll need to know it in order to connect to VNC.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;Stopping your VNC Server&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  &lt;em&gt;Yes, we know you haven&#039;t connected to the server yet.  But we put these instructions here to reinforce that you have a responsibility to stop the server.&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
  When you are done using the VNC server, go back to your ssh terminal and type
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
  vncserver -kill :&lt;em&gt;desktop&lt;/em&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  For example,
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
  vncserver -kill :2
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;Setting up your VNC Client&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  To connect to the server, you need to know (a) your password on the MathLAN; (b) the desktop number; (c) the vnc password you set above.  You will need to translate the desktop number to a port number, which you do by adding &quot;590&quot; in front of single-digit numbers and &quot;59&quot; in front of two-digit numbers.  For example, desktop 1 is port 5901, desktop 2 is port 5902, and desktop 10 is port 5910.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;Setting up your VNC Client - Macintosh&lt;/h4&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Open another terminal window on your Mac.  Type the following (while you&#039;ll substitute the number of the port, you should type the &lt;code&gt;localhost&lt;/code&gt; verbatim):
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;  ssh -L &lt;i&gt;port&lt;/i&gt;:localhost:&lt;i&gt;port&lt;/i&gt; -N -f  &lt;i&gt;username&lt;/i&gt;@&lt;i&gt;machine&lt;/i&gt;.cs.grinnell.edu&lt;/pre&gt; 

&lt;p&gt;
  For example,
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;  ssh -L 5901:localhost:5901 -N -f &lt;i&gt;username&lt;/i&gt;@&lt;i&gt;machine&lt;/i&gt;.cs.grinnell.edu&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  For user rebelsky and machine ssh, this command would be
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;  ssh -L 5901:localhost:5901 -N -f rebelsky@ssh.cs.grinnell.edu&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
    You should be prompted for a password.  Type your MathLAN password.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
 You can now start your VNC client.  When it prompts for a server or host, use &lt;code&gt;localhost:&lt;i&gt;port&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (e.g., &lt;code&gt;localhost:5901&lt;/code&gt; for desktop 1 and &lt;code&gt;localhost:5902&lt;/code&gt; for desktop 2).  In VNC Viewer, you will connect and then be prompted for a password.  In Chicken of the VNC,  you should enter both &lt;code&gt;localhost:&lt;i&gt;port&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and the password in the same dialog box. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h4&gt;Setting up your VNC Client - Windows&lt;/h4&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  You&#039;ll need to figure out your own way to set up an extra ssh connection for encryption.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/&quot;&gt;puTTY&lt;/a&gt; might work.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.karlrunge.com/x11vnc/ssvnc.html&quot;&gt;SSVNC&lt;/a&gt; might work.  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.silvertree.org/smtp_tunnel.htm&quot;&gt;These instructions for tunneling ssh with puTTY&lt;/a&gt; are probably the best strategy (but again we haven&#039;t tried it).
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;Other Notes&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
By default, VNC starts with only a terminal window.  If you want the handy-dandy panel at the bottom of the screen, type &lt;pre&gt;xfce4-panel &amp;amp;&lt;/pre&gt; in the terminal widow.  (And yes, you should type the ampersand.)
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
Our instructions give you an encrypted connection (even though RealVNC may not know that it&#039;s encrypted).  There are ways to have unencrypted connections, but we wouldn&#039;t recommend it.
&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/459">remote connections</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/458">vnc</category>
 <pubDate>Thu, 22 Aug 2013 22:27:42 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>rebelsky</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">643 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>We&#039;ve moved to a new Web server!</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/528</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
Although we&#039;re still using the same access name (www.cs.grinnell.edu). we&#039;ve actually upgraded from an older Web server machine (aiken.cs.grinnell.edu, 132.161.33.192) to a new one (baran.cs.grinnell.edu, 132.161.196.27).  Enjoy!
&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/528#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/183">Drupal</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/313">server</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/184">World Wide Web</category>
 <pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2011 16:55:13 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">528 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>Thursday Extra: &quot;Managing the MathLAN&quot;</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/508</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
On Thursday, November 4, in Noyce 3821, Jeff Leep 2011 will describe the deployment of a configuration management system, cfengine, that automatically checks for problems in MathLAN computers and then either fixes the problem or alerts the system administrator.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Refreshments will be served at 4:15&amp;nbsp;p.m. in the Computer Science Commons (Noyce 3817).  The talk, &lt;q&gt;Managing the MathLAN,&lt;/q&gt; will follow at 4:30&amp;nbsp;p.m. in Noyce 3821.  Everyone is welcome to attend!
&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/508#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/265">cfengine</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/264">Jeff Leep</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/255">system administration</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/42">Thursday Extras</category>
 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Oct 2010 16:29:50 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">508 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>Thursday Extra: &quot;Squeezing the MathLAN&quot;</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/505</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
On Thursday, October 28, in Noyce 3821, Martin Dluhos 2012 will describe one of the major system-administration projects he carried out this summer: configuring and using software that automate the installation of a new version of Debian GNU/Linux on the workstations in the MathLAN, in order to make the entire process less tedious and less repetitive.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Refreshments will be served at 4:15&amp;nbsp;p.m. in the Computer Science
Commons (Noyce 3817).  The talk, &lt;q&gt;Squeezing the MathLAN,&lt;/q&gt;
will follow at 4:30&amp;nbsp;p.m. in Noyce 3821.  Everyone is welcome to
attend!
&lt;/p&gt;</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/505#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/257">Debian</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/256">GNU/Linux</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/254">Martin Dluhos</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/258">software installation</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/255">system administration</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/42">Thursday Extras</category>
 <pubDate>Wed, 20 Oct 2010 22:44:46 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">505 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>MathLAN workstations</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/41</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
  The networked computers and printers that compose MathLAN are named for famous mathematicians, computer scientists, and physicists.  The links below provide biographical information about them.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;workstations&quot;&gt;Workstations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;John Frank &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Adams_Frank.html&quot;&gt;Adams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Maria Ga&amp;euml;tana &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Agnesi.html&quot;&gt;Agnesi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Kathleen Rita McNulty Mauchly &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Antonelli.html&quot;&gt;Antonelli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Vincent &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Atanasoff&quot;&gt;Atanasoff&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Babbage.html&quot;&gt;Babbage&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Warner &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Backus.html&quot;&gt;Backus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Clara Latimer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/WOMEN/bacon.htm&quot;&gt;Bacon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Stefan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Banach.html&quot;&gt;Banach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Grace Marie &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.math.osu.edu/history/biographies/bareis/&quot;&gt;Bareis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Richard Ernest &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Bellman.html&quot;&gt;Bellman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bhaskara_II.html&quot;&gt;Bhaskara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ludwig Georg Elias Moses &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bieberbach.html&quot;&gt;Bieberbach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George David &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Birkhoff.html&quot;&gt;Birkhoff&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Gertrude &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Blanch.html&quot;&gt;Blanch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Niels Henrik David &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bohr_Niels.html&quot;&gt;Bohr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;L&amp;eacute;on &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Boll%C3%A9e&quot;&gt;Boll&amp;eacute;e&lt;/a&gt; (bollee)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Anita &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Borg&quot;&gt;Borg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Robert &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Boyle.html&quot;&gt;Boyle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Luitzen Egbergus Jan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Brouwer.html&quot;&gt;Brouwer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Georges Louis de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Buffon.html&quot;&gt;Buffon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Seward &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Seward_Burroughs_I&quot;&gt;Burroughs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Augustin Louis &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cauchy.html&quot;&gt;Cauchy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alphonse &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphonse_Chapanis&quot;&gt;Chapanis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alonzo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Church.html&quot;&gt;Church&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edith &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edith_Clarke&quot;&gt;Clarke&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cocke&quot;&gt;Cocke&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Joseph Henry &lt;a href=&quot;https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.4.1752/full/&quot;&gt;Condon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles Augustin de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Coulomb.html&quot;&gt;Coulomb&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Seymour Roger &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seymour_Cray&quot;&gt;Cray&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Marie Sk&amp;#0322;odowska &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie&quot;&gt;Curie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Haskell Brooks &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Curry.html&quot;&gt;Curry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ole-Johan &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ole-Johan_Dahl&quot;&gt;Dahl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Richard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Delamain.html&quot;&gt;Delamain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edsger Wybe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Dijkstra.html&quot;&gt;Dijkstra&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles Lutwidge &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Dodgson.html&quot;&gt;Dodgson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Agnes Meyer &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Driscoll&quot;&gt;Driscoll&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Albert &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Einstein.html&quot;&gt;Einstein&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Clarence &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Ellis_(computer_scientist)&quot;&gt;Ellis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Euclid.html&quot;&gt;Euclid&lt;/a&gt; of Alexandria&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Eudoxus.html&quot;&gt;Eudoxus&lt;/a&gt; of Cnidus&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Shimon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~oded/s_even.html&quot;&gt;Even&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mary Celine &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Fasenmyer.html&quot;&gt;Fasenmyer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Dorr Eugene &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorr_Eugene_Felt&quot;&gt;Felt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Richard Phillips &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Feynman.html&quot;&gt;Feynman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ronald Aylmer &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Fisher.html&quot;&gt;Fisher&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Paul Morris &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Fitts&quot;&gt;Fitts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Thomas Harold &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Flowers&quot;&gt;Flowers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Robert W. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Floyd&quot;&gt;Floyd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George Elmer &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Forsythe.html&quot;&gt;Forsythe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Adolf Abraham Halevi &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Fraenkel.html&quot;&gt;Fraenkel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Frege.html&quot;&gt;Frege&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Herta Taussig &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Freitag.html&quot;&gt;Freitag&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Frederick &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_F._Friedman&quot;&gt;Friedman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Delbert Ray &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._R._Fulkerson&quot;&gt;Fulkerson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&amp;Eacute;variste &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Galois.html&quot;&gt;Galois&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Gamow&quot;&gt;Gamow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ruth &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Gentry.html&quot;&gt;Gentry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Josiah Willard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Gibbs.html&quot;&gt;Gibbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Stanley &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Gill&quot;&gt;Gill&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Donald Bruce &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_B._Gillies&quot;&gt;Gillies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Kurt &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Godel.html&quot;&gt;G&amp;ouml;del&lt;/a&gt; (goedel)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Herman Heine &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Goldstine.html&quot;&gt;Goldstine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;James Nicholas &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Gray_(computer_scientist)&quot;&gt;Gray&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ralph Edward &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Griswold&quot;&gt;Griswold&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jacques Salomon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hadamard.html&quot;&gt;Hadamard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Philipp Matth&amp;auml;us &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_Matth%C3%A4us_Hahn&quot;&gt;Hahn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Paul Richard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Halmos.html&quot;&gt;Halmos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Frank &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Harary.html&quot;&gt;Harary&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Douglas Rayner &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hartree.html&quot;&gt;Hartree&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Louise Schmir &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hay.html&quot;&gt;Hay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Martha Euphemia Lofton &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/haynes-euphemia.htm&quot;&gt;Haynes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Herman &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hollerith.html&quot;&gt;Hollerith&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Susan B. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_B._Horwitz&quot;&gt;Horwitz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alston Scott &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Householder.html&quot;&gt;Householder&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edwin Powell &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Hubble.html&quot;&gt;Hubble&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;David Albert &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_A._Huffman&quot;&gt;Huffman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Stanley &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Jevons.html&quot;&gt;Jevons&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Theodor Franz Eduard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Kaluza.html&quot;&gt;Kaluza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Carol Ruth &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Karp.html&quot;&gt;Karp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John George &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Kemeny.html&quot;&gt;Kemeny&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jack St. Clair &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Kilby&quot;&gt;Kilby&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Gary Arlen &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Kildall&quot;&gt;Kildall&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Stephen Cole &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Kleene.html&quot;&gt;Kleene&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Christine &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ladd-Franklin.html&quot;&gt;Ladd&lt;/a&gt;-Franklin&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Lev Davidovich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Landau_Lev.html&quot;&gt;Landau&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Peter John &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Landin&quot;&gt;Landin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Pierre-Simon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Laplace.html&quot;&gt;Laplace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Gottfried Wilhelm von &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Leibniz.html&quot;&gt;Leibniz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Edensor &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Littlewood.html&quot;&gt;Littlewood&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Hendrik Antoon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lorentz.html&quot;&gt;Lorentz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Hans Peter &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Peter_Luhn&quot;&gt;Luhn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Shiela Scott &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Macintyre.html&quot;&gt;Macintyre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Andrei Andreyevich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Markov.html&quot;&gt;Markov&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Max Vernon &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Mathews&quot;&gt;Mathews&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John William &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Mauchly.html&quot;&gt;Mauchly&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;James Clerk &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Maxwell.html&quot;&gt;Maxwell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Vivienne Malone-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Malone-Mayes.html&quot;&gt;Mayes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCarthy_%28computer_scientist%29&quot;&gt;McCarthy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Paul &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Meier_(statistician)&quot;&gt;Meier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Lise &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lise_Meitner&quot;&gt;Meitner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Calvin Northrup &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Mooers&quot;&gt;Mooers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Rajeev &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajeev_Motwani&quot;&gt;Motwani&lt;/a&gt;

  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Ian &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Murdock&quot;&gt;Murdock&lt;/a&gt;

  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Clifford &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_Nass&quot;&gt;Nass&lt;/a&gt;

  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Peter &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Naur&quot;&gt;Naur&lt;/a&gt;

  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Roger Michael &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Needham&quot;&gt;Needham&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Allen &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Newell&quot;&gt;Newell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Phyllis Lockett &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Nicolson.html&quot;&gt;Nicolson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Emmy Amalie &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Noether_Emmy.html&quot;&gt;Noether&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Robert Norton &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Noyce&quot;&gt;Noyce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Willgodt Theophil &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilgott_Theophil_Odhner&quot;&gt;Odhner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Georg Simon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ohm.html&quot;&gt;Ohm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Olga Arsen&amp;rsquo;evna &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Oleinik.html&quot;&gt;Oleinik&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mikhail Vassilevitch &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ostrogradski.html&quot;&gt;Ostrogradski&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Wolfgang &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pauli.html&quot;&gt;Pauli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Randolph Frederick &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randy_Pausch&quot;&gt;Pausch&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Giuseppe &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Peano.html&quot;&gt;Peano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alan Jay &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Perlis&quot;&gt;Perlis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;R&amp;oacute;zsa &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Peter.html&quot;&gt;P&amp;eacute;ter&lt;/a&gt; (peter)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Carl Adam &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Adam_Petri&quot;&gt;Petri&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Max Karl Ernst Ludwig &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Planck.html&quot;&gt;Planck&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Sim&amp;eacute;on-Denis &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Poisson.html&quot;&gt;Poisson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jonathan Bruce &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel&quot;&gt;Postel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pythagoras.html&quot;&gt;Pythagoras&lt;/a&gt; of Samos&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Leonard of &lt;a href=&quot;http://discworld.wiki.com/wiki/Leonard_of_Quirm&quot;&gt;Quirm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Virginia &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Ragsdale&quot;&gt;Ragsdale&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Srinivasa Aiyangar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ramanujan.html&quot;&gt;Ramanujan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Frank Plumpton &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ramsey.html&quot;&gt;Ramsey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Helena &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Rasiowa.html&quot;&gt;Rasiowa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jef &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jef_Raskin&quot;&gt;Raskin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mina Spiegel &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Rees.html&quot;&gt;Rees&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Georg Friedrich Bernhard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Riemann.html&quot;&gt;Riemann&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Dennis MacAlistair &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Ritchie&quot;&gt;Ritchie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Julia Bowman &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Robinson_Julia.html&quot;&gt;Robinson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Barkley &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Barkley_Rosser&quot;&gt;Rosser&lt;/a&gt;, Sr.&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mary Ellen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Rudin.html&quot;&gt;Rudin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Bertrand Arthur William &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Russell.html&quot;&gt;Russell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Pehr Georg &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_Georg_Scheutz&quot;&gt;Scheutz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Wilhelm &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Schickard.html&quot;&gt;Schickard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Elizabeth &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.agnesscott.edu/Lriddle/women/escott.htm&quot;&gt;Scott&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Clifford &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliff_Shaw&quot;&gt;Shaw&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Bradford &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shockley&quot;&gt;Shockley&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Herbert Alexander &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Simon&quot;&gt;Simon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Robert &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Spinrad&quot;&gt;Spinrad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Stanhope,_3rd_Earl_Stanhope&quot;&gt;Stanhope&lt;/a&gt;, third Earl Stanhope&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jakob &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Steiner.html&quot;&gt;Steiner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George Robert &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Stibitz&quot;&gt;Stibitz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;     

  &lt;li&gt;Larry Joseph &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Stockmeyer&quot;&gt;Stockmeyer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Christopher &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Strachey&quot;&gt;Strachey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Peter Ludwig Mejdell &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Sylow.html&quot;&gt;Sylow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alfred &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Tarski.html&quot;&gt;Tarski&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Olga &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Taussky-Todd.html&quot;&gt;Taussky&lt;/a&gt;-Todd&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Thales.html&quot;&gt;Thales&lt;/a&gt; of Miletus&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles Xavier &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Xavier_Thomas&quot;&gt;Thomas&lt;/a&gt; de Colmar&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Thomson.html&quot;&gt;Thomson&lt;/a&gt;, Lord Kelvin&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Leonardo &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_Torres_Quevedo&quot;&gt;Torres&lt;/a&gt; y Quevedo&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Wilder &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Tukey.html&quot;&gt;Tukey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alan Mathison &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Turing.html&quot;&gt;Turing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;An &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Wang&quot;&gt;Wang&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Andr&amp;eacute; &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Weil.html&quot;&gt;Weil&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mark D. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Weiser&quot;&gt;Weiser&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;David John &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Wheeler_%28computer_scientist%29&quot;&gt;Wheeler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alfred North &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Whitehead.html&quot;&gt;Whitehead&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Adriaan van &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriaan_van_Wijngaarden&quot;&gt;Wijngaarden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Maurice Vincent &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Wilkes&quot;&gt;Wilkes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Wilkins.html&quot;&gt;Wilkins&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;James Hardy &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Wilkinson.html&quot;&gt;Wilkinson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Sofya Aleksandrovna &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Janovskaja.html&quot;&gt;Yanovskaya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ann Harris &lt;a href=&quot;https://planetprinceton.com/2014/06/18/ann-yasuhara-social-justice-advocate-dies-at-82/&quot;&gt;Yasuhara&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Oscar &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Zariski.html&quot;&gt;Zariski&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ernst Friedrich Ferdinand &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Zermelo.html&quot;&gt;Zermelo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Max &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Zorn.html&quot;&gt;Zorn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Konrad &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Zuse.html&quot;&gt;Zuse&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;servers&quot;&gt;Servers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  MathLAN&#039;s remote-login server is named for Michael Leonidas &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Dertouzos&quot;&gt;Dertouzos&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Our file server is named for John von &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Von_Neumann.html&quot;&gt;Neumann&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Our Web, database, and code repository server is named for Paul &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Baran&quot;&gt;Baran&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Our archive server is named for Betty Jean Jennings &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Bartik&quot;&gt;Bartik&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  The machines that provide the Network Information Service and domain-name service are named for Cuthbert Corwin &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuthbert_Hurd&quot;&gt;Hurd&lt;/a&gt; and Philippe &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Flajolet.html&quot;&gt;Flajolet&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Our license manager is named for Arthur John Robin Gorell &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Milner&quot;&gt;Milner&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Our Network Information Service domain is named for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Archimedes.html&quot;&gt;Archimedes&lt;/a&gt; of Syracuse.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;printers&quot;&gt;Printers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  MathLAN&#039;s printers are named for Maurits Cornelius &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Escher.html&quot;&gt;Escher&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Leonardo.html&quot;&gt;Leonardo&lt;/a&gt; da Vinci, who frequently incorporated mathematical themes into their works.
&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;additional&quot;&gt;Additional workstations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Some research-lab computers that are not fully configured as MathLAN workstations are nevertheless served by our network and named as part of the &lt;tt&gt;cs.grinnell.edu&lt;/tt&gt; or &lt;tt&gt;math.grinnell.edu&lt;/tt&gt; domain.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;Gene Myron &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Amdahl&quot;&gt;Amdahl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Thomas &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bayes.html&quot;&gt;Bayes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ludwig &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Boltzmann.html&quot;&gt;Boltzmann&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Pafnuty Lvovich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Chebyshev.html&quot;&gt;Chebyshev&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edith &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/LRiddle/women/clarke.htm&quot;&gt;Clarke&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Josiah Willard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Gibbs.html&quot;&gt;Gibbs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Frederick &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Jelinek&quot;&gt;Jelinek&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Evelyn Merle Roden &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evelyn_Nelson_%28mathematician%29&quot;&gt;Nelson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Claude Elwood &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Shannon.html&quot;&gt;Shannon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Aaron H. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Swartz&quot;&gt;Swartz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Antoni Szczepan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Zygmund.html&quot;&gt;Zygmund&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  For historical reasons, MathLAN also includes a research-lab workstation named &lt;tt&gt;cumulus&lt;/tt&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;inactive&quot;&gt;The inactive list&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
  Some names previously applied to workstations and other components of MathLAN are not currently in use:
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;Niels Henrik &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Abel.html&quot;&gt;Abel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Howard Hathaway &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Aiken.html&quot;&gt;Aiken&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Andr&amp;eacute; Marie &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ampere.html&quot;&gt;Amp&amp;egrave;re&lt;/a&gt; (ampere)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Emil &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Artin.html&quot;&gt;Artin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Frank Stephen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xnumber.com/xnumber/FS_Baldwin.htm&quot;&gt;Baldwin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Eric Temple &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bell.html&quot;&gt;Bell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edmund Callis &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Berkeley&quot;&gt;Berkeley&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Friedrich Wilhelm &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bessel.html&quot;&gt;Bessel&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Hans Albrecht &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bethe.html&quot;&gt;Bethe&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;J&amp;aacute;nos &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bolyai.html&quot;&gt;Bolyai&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Bernhard Placidus Johann Nepomuk &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Bolzano.html&quot;&gt;Bolzano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ronald Vernon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Book.html&quot;&gt;Book&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Boole.html&quot;&gt;Boole&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Nicolas &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/HistTopics/Bourbaki_1.html&quot;&gt;Bourbaki&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Henry &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Briggs.html&quot;&gt;Briggs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Burnside.html&quot;&gt;Burnside&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Vannevar &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vannevar_Bush&quot;&gt;Bush&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Florian &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cajori.html&quot;&gt;Cajori&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Alberto P &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Calderon.html&quot;&gt;Calder&amp;oacute;n&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Doris Mary &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Cannell.html&quot;&gt;Cannell&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cantor.html&quot;&gt;Cantor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Girolamo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cardan.html&quot;&gt;Cardano&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Arthur &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cayley.html&quot;&gt;Cayley&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Kingdom &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Clifford.html&quot;&gt;Clifford&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edgar Frank &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_F._Codd&quot;&gt;Codd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Paul Joseph &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cohen.html&quot;&gt;Cohen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Gertrude Mary &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Cox.html&quot;&gt;Cox&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Florence Nightengale &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/David.html&quot;&gt;David&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Donald Watts &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Davies&quot;&gt;Davies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Julius Wilhelm Richard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Dedekind.html&quot;&gt;Dedekind&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Augustus &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/De_Morgan.html&quot;&gt;De Morgan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Paul Adrien Maurice &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Dirac.html&quot;&gt;Dirac&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Dirichlet.html&quot;&gt;Dirichlet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Adam Presper &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Eckert_John.html&quot;&gt;Eckert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Samuel &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Eilenberg.html&quot;&gt;Eilenberg&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Paul &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Erdos.html&quot;&gt;Erd&amp;ouml;s&lt;/a&gt; (erdos)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Andrei Petrovich &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrey_Ershov&quot;&gt;Ershov&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Leonhard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Euler.html&quot;&gt;Euler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Philippa Garrett &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Fawcett.html&quot;&gt;Fawcett&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Pierre de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Fermat.html&quot;&gt;Fermat&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Enrico &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Fermi.html&quot;&gt;Fermi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jean Baptiste Joseph &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Fourier.html&quot;&gt;Fourier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Benjamin &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Franklin_Benjamin.html&quot;&gt;Franklin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Frege.html&quot;&gt;Frege&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Bernard &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Galler&quot;&gt;Galler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Francis &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Galton.html&quot;&gt;Galton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Johann Carl Friedrich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Gauss.html&quot;&gt;Gauss&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Marie-Sophie &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Germain.html&quot;&gt;Germain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Joseph Amadee &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Goguen&quot;&gt;Goguen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Christian &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Goldbach.html&quot;&gt;Goldbach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Green.html&quot;&gt;Green&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;James &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Gregory.html&quot;&gt;Gregory&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Emanuels &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Grinbergs.html&quot;&gt;Grinbergs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edmund &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Gunter.html&quot;&gt;Gunter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Rowan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hamilton.html&quot;&gt;Hamilton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Richard Wesley &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hamming.html&quot;&gt;Hamming&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Godfrey Harold &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hardy.html&quot;&gt;Hardy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ellen Amanda &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hayes.html&quot;&gt;Hayes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Olive Clio &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hazlett.html&quot;&gt;Hazlett&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jacques &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Herbrand.html&quot;&gt;Herbrand&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hermite.html&quot;&gt;Hermite&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Heron.html&quot;&gt;Heron&lt;/a&gt; of Alexandria&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Israel Nathan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Herstein.html&quot;&gt;Herstein&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;David &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hilbert.html&quot;&gt; Hilbert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Grace Brewster Murray &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Hopper.html&quot;&gt;Hopper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Christiaan &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Huygens.html&quot;&gt;Huygens&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jean David &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Ichbiah&quot;&gt;Ichbiah&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Kenneth Eugene &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_E._Iverson&quot;&gt;Iverson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Karl Gustav Jacob &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Jacobi.html&quot;&gt;Jacobi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Marie Ennemond Camille &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Jordan.html&quot;&gt;Jordan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Abu &amp;rsquo;Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Musa al-&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Al-Khwarizmi.html&quot;&gt;Khwarismi&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Thomas M. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Kilburn&quot;&gt;Kilburn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Felix Christian &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Klein.html&quot;&gt;Klein&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Andrei Nikolayevich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Kolmogorov.html&quot;&gt;Kolmogorov&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Sofia Vasilyevna &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Kovalevskaya.html&quot;&gt;Kovalevskaya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Edna Ernestine &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Kramer.html&quot;&gt;Kramer&lt;/a&gt; Lassar&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Cypra Cecilia &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Krieger.html&quot;&gt;Krieger&lt;/a&gt; Dunaij&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Leopold &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Kronecker.html&quot;&gt;Kronecker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Joseph-Louis &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lagrange.html&quot;&gt;Lagrange&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Johann Heinrich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lambert.html&quot;&gt;Lambert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Gabriel &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lame.html&quot;&gt;Lam&amp;eacute;&lt;/a&gt; (lame)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Henri L&amp;eacute;on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lebesgue.html&quot;&gt;Lebesgue&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Adrien-Marie &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Legendre.html&quot;&gt;Legendre&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Joseph Carl Robnett &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._C._R._Licklider&quot;&gt;Licklider&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Marius Sophus &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lie.html&quot;&gt;Lie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Martin Hugo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lob.html&quot;&gt;L&amp;ouml;b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ada Augusta King, Countess of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Lovelace.html&quot;&gt;Lovelace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Saunders &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/MacLane.html&quot;&gt;Mac Lane&lt;/a&gt; (maclane)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Percy Alexander &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/MacMahon.html&quot;&gt;MacMahon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Florence Jessie Collinson &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessie_MacWilliams&quot;&gt;MacWilliams&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ada Isabel &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Maddison.html&quot;&gt;Maddison&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Benoit &lt;a href=&quot;http://turnbull.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Mandelbrot.html&quot;&gt;Mandelbrot&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&amp;Eacute;mile L&amp;eacute;onard &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Mathieu_Emile.html&quot;&gt;Mathieu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Donald &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Michie&quot;&gt;Michie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Marvin Lee &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin_Minsky&quot;&gt;Minsky&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ruth &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Moufang.html&quot;&gt;Moufang&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;August Ferdinand &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Mobius.html&quot;&gt;M&amp;ouml;bius&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Joseph &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Moxon&quot;&gt;Moxon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Napier.html&quot;&gt;Napier&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Isaac &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Newton.html&quot;&gt;Newton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jerzy &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Neyman.html&quot;&gt;Neyman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Kristen &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Nygaard.html&quot;&gt;Nygaard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
 
  &lt;li&gt;Oystein &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Ore.html&quot;&gt;Ore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Oughtred.html&quot;&gt;Oughtred&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Luca &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pacioli.html&quot;&gt;Pacioli&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pappus.html&quot;&gt;Pappus&lt;/a&gt; of Alexandria&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Blaise &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Pascal.html&quot;&gt;Pascal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles Sanders &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Peirce_Charles.html&quot;&gt;Peirce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Charles &amp;Eacute;mile &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Picard_Emile.html&quot;&gt;Picard&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Jules Henri &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Poincare.html&quot;&gt;Poincar&amp;eacute;&lt;/a&gt; (poincare)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Polya.html&quot;&gt;P&amp;oacute;lya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Emil Leon &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Post.html&quot;&gt;Post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Lambert Adolphe Jacques &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Quetelet.html&quot;&gt;Quetelet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Willard Van Orman &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Quine.html&quot;&gt;Quine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Michel &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Rolle.html&quot;&gt;Rolle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Azriel &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azriel_Rosenfeld&quot;&gt;Rosenfeld&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Gerard &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_Salton&quot;&gt;Salton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John Clifford &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliff_Shaw&quot;&gt;Shaw&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mary Emily &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/sinclair.htm&quot;&gt;Sinclair&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Thoralf Albert &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Skolem.html&quot;&gt;Skolem&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Clara Eliza &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/LRIDDLE/WOMEN/smith.htm&quot;&gt;Smith&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mary Fairfax Grieg &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Somerville.html&quot;&gt;Somerville&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Pauline &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Sperry.html&quot;&gt;Sperry&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Anna &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/stafford.htm&quot;&gt;Stafford&lt;/a&gt; Henriques&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Norman Earl &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Steenrod.html&quot;&gt;Steenrod&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;James &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Stirling.html&quot;&gt;Stirling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;George Gabriel &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Stokes.html&quot;&gt;Stokes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Lorna Mary &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Swain.html&quot;&gt;Swain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;James Joseph &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Sylvester.html&quot;&gt;Sylvester&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Yutaka &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Taniyama.html&quot;&gt;Taniyama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Brook &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Taylor.html&quot;&gt;Taylor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Stanislaw Marcin &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Ulam.html&quot;&gt;Ulam&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Venn.html&quot;&gt;Venn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ram&amp;oacute;n Silvestre &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Verea&quot;&gt;Verea&lt;/a&gt; Garc&amp;iacute;a&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Fran&amp;ccedil;ois &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Viete.html&quot;&gt;Vi&amp;egrave;te&lt;/a&gt; (viete)&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Ivan Matveevich &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Vinogradov.html&quot;&gt;Vinogradov&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Roxana Hayward &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/vivian.htm&quot;&gt;Vivian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;John &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Wallis.html&quot;&gt;Wallis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;David Leigh &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Waltz&quot;&gt;Waltz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Karl Theodor Wilhelm &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Weierstrass.html&quot;&gt;Weierstrass&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Hermann Klaus Hugo &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Weyl.html&quot;&gt;Weyl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Norbert &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Wiener_Norbert.html&quot;&gt;Wiener&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Mary Frances &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/newson.htm&quot;&gt;Winston&lt;/a&gt; Newson&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Josef Ho&amp;euml;n&amp;eacute; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Wronski.html&quot;&gt;Wronski&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;William Henry &lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Young.html&quot;&gt;Young&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;Egon &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egon_Zakraj%C5%A1ek&quot;&gt;Zakrajsek&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

  &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Zeno_of_Elea.html&quot;&gt;Zeno&lt;/a&gt; of Elea&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
</description>
 <comments>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/41#comments</comments>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/103">computer scientists</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/101">mathematicians</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/104">physicists</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/102">statisticians</category>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/105">typographers</category>
 <pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 21:46:47 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">41 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>The Mathematics Local-Area Network</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/node/40</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
&lt;a id=&quot;description-of-MathLAN&quot;&gt;The Mathematics Local-Area Network&lt;/a&gt;
(MathLAN) was created in 1987 to provide Grinnell College students in
mathematics and computer science courses with a modern, accessible,
well-stocked computing environment.  It comprises about 175
workstations and five servers, running the the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.debian.org/&quot;&gt;Debian&lt;/a&gt; distribution of
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/&quot;&gt;GNU/Linux&lt;/a&gt; operating system.
MathLAN supports a large variety of software for mathematics (notably
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab/&quot;&gt;MATLAB&lt;/a&gt;,
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.maplesoft.com/products/maple/&quot;&gt;Maple&lt;/a&gt;, and
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wolfram.com/products/mathematica/&quot;&gt;Mathematica&lt;/a&gt;),
computing (the
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.drscheme.org/&quot;&gt;DrScheme&lt;/a&gt; programming environment, the
&lt;a href=&quot;http://java.sun.com/javase/&quot;&gt;Java Platform&lt;/a&gt;, the
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.eclipse.org&quot;&gt;Eclipse&lt;/a&gt; programming environment
etc.), and document creation and display (such as
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.openoffice.org&quot;&gt;OpenOffice.org&lt;/a&gt;,
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/emacs.html&quot;&gt;Emacs&lt;/a&gt;,
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.tug.org/&quot;&gt;T&lt;sub&gt;E&lt;/sub&gt;X&lt;/a&gt;, and
&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/&quot;&gt;Mozilla Firefox&lt;/a&gt;).
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
MathLAN has been developed to meet a broad range of curricular needs of
both students and faculty:
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;
GNU/Linux software includes programming tools that integrate various
steps of coding, compiling, testing and debugging in a straightforward
way.  MathLAN supports compilers and interpreters for Java, Scheme, C,
C++, Python, Perl, PHP, Ruby, Lua, Common Lisp, FORTRAN, Ada, Icon, and
other languages, as well as a variety of programming tools and
environments.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;
Our students and faculty have easy access to the major Internet
information services (the World Wide Web, ftp, ssh, and
e-mail).  MathLAN&#039;s World Wide Web server provides access to more than
fifteen thousand local documents.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;
High-resolution color graphics, driven by software that is both powerful
and easy to use, make it possible to display data, functions, and
mathematical structures in an intuitive way.  These capabilities are used
in a wide variety of courses -- pre-calculus, calculus, linear algebra,
statistics, and modeling.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;

&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;
Our workstations provide enough processing power to run
outstanding mathematical packages that perform algebraic, symbolic, or
graphical operations on functions, statistical data sets, and other
mathematical objects.  The faculty of the Department of Mathematics and
Statistics have successfully integrated these computing tools into our
courses, particularly at the first- and second-year levels, with the
objective of strengthening students&#039; intuitive understanding of
mathematical ideas.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
About 1000 students, faculty, staff members, and recent graduates of
Grinnell College currently maintain accounts on MathLAN.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Each classroom in the Department of Computer Science and the Department of
Mathematics and Statistics contains a MathLAN workstation linked to an Eiki
digital projection system, for presentations and demonstrations.  In
addition, five of our classrooms are equipped with student workstations,
for use in class activities, laboratory sessions, and workshops.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
We also support two open laboratories, each containing nineteen
workstations (one of which can be similarly linked to a projection system
when the lab is used for a class).
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The open laboratories and one of the computer-equipped classrooms are
open for student use from 8 a.m. to midnight on Mondays, Tuesdays,
Wednesdays, and Thursdays, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Fridays, from noon to 6
p.m. on Saturdays, and from noon to midnight on Sundays.  In the evenings
and on weekends, a consultant is present to answer
questions and provide general assistance.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
A separate server room houses our servers for home-directory files,
third-party software license management, remote login, e-mail, the department&#039;s
Web, ftp, SVN, and Wiki sites, databases, authentication, and domain name
resolution.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
MathLAN was originally constructed with funds provided in part by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nsf.gov/&quot;&gt;National Science Foundation&lt;/a&gt;, the Charles
E. Culpeper Foundation, and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wmkeck.org/&quot;&gt;W. M. Keck
Foundation&lt;/a&gt;, and was subsequently funded in part by the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1998/nsf9833/ili-toc.htm&quot;&gt;Instrumentation and
Laboratory Improvement&lt;/a&gt; program of the National Science Foundation and by
the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avdf.org/&quot;&gt;Arthur Vining Davis Foundations&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;
</description>
 <category domain="http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/taxonomy/term/92">MathLAN</category>
 <pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2009 20:22:09 +0000</pubDate>
 <dc:creator>stone</dc:creator>
 <guid isPermaLink="false">40 at http://132.161.132.157/drupal6</guid>
</item>
<item>
 <title>MathLAN use policies</title>
 <link>http://132.161.132.157/drupal6/mathlan-policies</link>
 <description>&lt;p&gt;
The following policies of the Department of Mathematics and Computer
Science supplement Grinnell&#039;s Academic Computer Use Policies.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
MathLAN policies apply only to this department&#039;s network.  When MathLAN
equipment is used to access outside equipment, either in the College or
over the Internet, then all ITS policies apply as well.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Violators of these policies may be prosecuted following the procedures
outlined by ITS regulations or have their accounts
&lt;a href=&quot;#deactivation&quot;&gt;deactivated&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;priorities&quot;&gt;Priorities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
We distinguish four categories of computer use.  In descending priority,
they are:
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;academic work for courses within the department;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;other scholarly work sponsored by faculty members in the
department;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;academic work for courses outside the department and other scholarly
work sponsored by faculty members outside the department; and&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;other uses, consistent with ITS&#039;s statement on the proper use of
computing resources.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
When the demand for equipment in the laboratory or computer-equipped
classroom exceeds what is available, users engaged in activities of lower
priority must yield to those requiring the equipment for projects with
higher priority.  
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
When a class has reserved the laboratory or computer-equipped classroom,
only members of that class are permitted to use the reserved room during
class time.  Students not in the class may, upon consultation with the
faculty member running the class, receive permission to use the reserved
room.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;shared-resources&quot;&gt;Shared resources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Since MathLAN is a network, a user has the capability of running processes
on several workstations at once.  It is inappropriate for one user to
interfere with the processing of others who may be running jobs of equal or
higher priority.  Similarly, it is inappropriate for a user to run jobs
that generate so many messages over the network as to degrade processing
for other users.  It is also inappropriate to remote log-in or telnet to a
machine on which another member of the community is currently working.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The workstations on faculty desks are for the use of those faculty members.
Any student who runs processes on a faculty workstation without permission
from that faculty member or a MathLAN administrator may have his or her
account deactivated.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;sharing&quot;&gt;Account sharing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The Grinnell College Academic Computer Use Policies discuss sharing of
accounts in sections III.A.1 and III.A.2:
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;No person may use, or attempt to use, any computer accounts other
than his/her own assigned account.  The negligence or naivete of another
user in revealing an account name and password does not confer
authorization to use the account.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;An account owner may not lend his/her account(s) to another user.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The Department of Mathematics and Computer Science realizes that you may
need to &lt;q&gt;share&lt;/q&gt; accounts when working together on a laboratory, and
permits such use.  However, that is the limit of sharing.  In particular,
no student may use an account without the owner of that account present.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;applications&quot;&gt;Particular applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;chat&quot;&gt;Internet Relay Chat&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The department does not forbid the use of Internet Relay Chat (IRC).
However, such use must not violate the guidelines described in Grinnell&#039;s
Academic Computer Use Policies.  Furthermore, the department disallows
the use of &lt;i&gt;chat robots&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;proxy servers&lt;/i&gt; without prior
permission of a MathLAN administrator.  Such programs often result in
decreased system or network performance and thereby directly affect other
users, both local and remote.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;games&quot;&gt;Games&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
According to the above policies, games running on MathLAN and played by
individuals fall within priority 4, unless game programs are specifically
assigned as part of a course or are part of project under faculty
sponsorship.  Thus, a game may be run on MathLAN provided that (1) others
are not waiting for workstations for academic purposes, (2) the running of
the game will not generate processes on machines used by others, and (3)
the game does not significantly interfere with the message load over the
network.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Since MUDs and other games involving the Internet utilize the all-campus
router, such games are explicitly prohibited by ITS policy.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;Movies&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
Students may not use the projection systems in the Department&#039;s classrooms
and labs to show movies, except for academic purposes and with the express
permission of the Department.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;h2&gt;&lt;a id=&quot;deactivation&quot;&gt;Account deactivation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
In addition to the reasons given above, an account may be deactivated
by a MathLAN administrator if the administrator deems that the
account is being used inappropriately or has suspicious activity.
In addition, any account inactive for a year or more may be deactivated.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The MathLAN administrator will maintain the files of any deactivated
account, either on disk or on backup tape, until the owner of that account
graduates or otherwise leaves the Grinnell community.
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
At the time of an account&#039;s deactivation, the accounts owner will be
contacted through his or her standard Grinnell e-mail account.  A
student&#039;s account may be reactivated upon request.
&lt;/p&gt;
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